Flamingos are a bird known for their long legs and vibrant coloration. The coloring of the flamingo's legs, bills, faces and feathering, which usually ranges from pink to orange, is entirely determined by its diet.
Genetics
Genetics do not contribute to a flamingo's bright coloration. When a flamingo is born, it is white to gray in color.
Diet
A flamingo predominantly feeds on algae and crustaceans. These are both rich in carotenoids, the same pigment found in carrots. The higher the level of carotenoid in its diet, the more vibrant the flamingo's coloration.
Pigmentation
The beta-carotene in blue-green algae and in small crustaceans is broken down by the flamingo's liver. It is then deposited into the skin and feathers of the flamingo, giving the bird its color. If the amount of carotenoid in the diet decreases, the bird loses its color as its feathers are molted.
Reproduction
In the wild, the coloration of a flamingo determines its eligibility as a mate. When looking for a partner, a flamingo is naturally attracted to a bird that has more vibrant coloration. This is because light, white or gray plumage is a symptom of malnutrition.
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